Eye and Nose: Detail View

1)

Part of the sensory system

Eye

2)

Sensory organ of sight transmitting visual images to the brain

Eye

3)

Performs the "developing" process for the eye

Brain

4)

Resides in the bony orbit a cavity in the bones of the face

Eyeball

5)

Terms refer to the eye

Opic, oculo, ophthalmo

6)

Control the ocular muscles of the eye and lacrimal apparatus

Six cranial nerves

7)

Movements of the eye are controlled by the coordination of

Six muscles

8)

Protect and the lubricate the eyes

Extraocular structures, the eyelids, conjunctive, lacrimal apparaus

9)

Loose folds of skin covering the front of the eye (blinking they provide a defensive barrier to foreign invaders)

Palpebrae or eyelids

10)

Contains hair follicies, which in turn contain eyelashes (cillia and sebaceous glands)

Lid margins

11)

Transparent mucous membranes that protect the eye from foreign bodies

Conjunctivae

12)

A small fleshy elevation sits at the nasal aspect of the conjunctivae

Caruncle

13)

Protects the eye with tears produced by larcrimal glands

Larcrimal apparatus

14)

Once the eyeballs is washed with tears, the tears drain through the

Punctum

15)

The white part of the eyeball composed of fibrous tissue and fine elastic fibers

Sclera

16)

Covered by the conjunctiva and washed by tears from the lacrimal glands

Sclera

17)

A circular-colored disk with the ability to contract

Iris

18)

Anterior and posterior chambers of the iris is filled wih a clear watery fluid

Aqueous humor

19)

The balance of pressure between secretion and removal of fluid

Intraocular pressure

20)

The central opening in the iris and is black in color

Pupil

21)

Controls the amount of light coming into the lens by contracting and expanding

Pupil

22)

Enclosed in an elastic capsule directly behind the iris

Lens

23)

Refracting and focusing light onto the camera

Lens

24)

Receives visual stimuli and sends these stimuli to the brain

Retina

25)

Reduces IOP by improving the drainage of aqueous humor (makes hole in iris)

Iridectomy

26)

Treatment for myopia

Radial keratotomy

27)

An excision of part of the sclera

Sclerectomy

28)

Surgical repair of detached retina

Scleral bucking

29)

An excision of part of the sclera

Sclerectomy

30)

Microsurgical procedure that removes part or all of vitreous humor

Vitrectomy

31)

Uses healthy corneal tissue from a human donor to replace a damaged portion of the cornea

Corneal transplant

32)

Uses healthy corneal tissue from a human donor to replace a damaged portion of the cornea

Corneal transplant

33)

The excision and replacment of the entire cornea

Full thickness penetrating keratoplasty

34)

Removal and replacement of superficial layers of corneal tissue

Lamellar keratoplasty

35)

Such as bacitracin erythromycin are used to treat infections

Anti-infectives

36)

Agents such as dexamethasone are used th treat inflammatory conditions of the eye

Anti-inflammatory agents

37)

Provide moisture for the eye when insuffcient tear production is a problem

Artificial tears

38)

Constriction of the pupil

Mioic

39)

Agent that dilates the pupil of the eye

Mydriatic

40)

Prepare eye for procedures such as tonometry, suture removal of the cornea, removal of foreign bodies

Opthalmic anesthetics

41)

Employed to correct vision problems

Laser surgery

42)

Generate monchromatic light waves

Lasers

43)

When the entire lens is removed, most often with a cryoprobe

Intracapsular cataract extraction

44)

A procedure in which the surgeon removes the patients anterior capsule, cortex and nucleus leaving the posterior capsule intact

Extracapsular cataract extraction

45)

Disorders characterized by an abnormally high IOP which can damge the optic nerve

Glaucoma

46)

Over production of aqueous humor

Chronic open angle glaucoma

47)

Results from obstruction to the outflow of aqueous humor

Acute angle or closure glaucoma

48)

Result from uveitis, trama, or drugs such as steroids

Secondary glaucoma

49)

Genetically transmitted disorder caused destruction of the retinal rods

Retinitis pigmentosa

50)

Non-inflammatory retinal disorders results from disruption of the eyes blood supply

Vascular retinopathies

51)

High blood pressure that produces retinal vasospasm and damges the anterior opening

Hyperensive retinopathy

52)

Complications of diabetes melitus

Diabetic retinopathy

53)

Inflammatory condition of the eyelids, lash follicles, and glands of the eyelids

Blepharitis

54)

Inflammation of the conjunctive (pinkeye)

Conjunctivitis

55)

Infection of the lacrimal sac caused by an obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct or by trauma

Dacryocystitis

56)

Inflammation of the cornea confirmed to one eye lacute, chronic, superfical or deep

Keratitis

57)

A gradually develping capacity of the lens capsule of the eye

Cateract

58)

A scratch on the surface epithelium of cornea

Corneal abrasion

59)

Astrophy or degeneration of the macular disk

Macular degeneration

60)

Recurring, involuntary eyeball movement that produces blurred vision and difficulty in focusing

Nystagmus

61)

Condition where retinal layers split and create a subretinal space which fills with fliud called subretinal fluid

Retinal detachment

62)

Transmits high frequency sound waves through the eye and measures reflection

Ocular ultrasonography

63)

Abnormalities that cannot be seen with a standard x-ray

Orbital computed tomography

64)

Test that examines the orbit, deep-set cavity housing the eye

Orbital radiography

65)

Instrument containing a lighted mirror with a single hole and several lenes

Ophthalmoscope

66)

Unequal vision in both eyes

Anisopia

67)

Spasms or constant blinking of the eyelid

Blepharospasm

68)

Double vision

Diplopia

69)

Unilateral or bilateral bulging or protrusion of he eyeballs

Exophthalmos

70)

Tiny clumps of vitreous gel apperaing to float in the visual field

Floaters

71)

Total color blindness

Monochromatism

72)

Nearsightedness

Myopia

73)

Night blindness

Nyctalopia

74)

Drooping of the eyelid

Ptosis

75)

Absence of coordinated eye movement leading to misalignment of the eyes

Strabismus

76)

Examination to determine and correct refractive eye errors

Refraction

77)

Physican that treats eye infections

Ophthalmologist

78)

Shine light into patients eyes

Refinoscope

79)

Permits indirect measurments of introcular perssure IOP trh pressure of within the eyeball

Tonometry

80)

Visual receptors of the retina and allow vision

Photoreceptors, called rods and cones

81)

Well-differentiated, round, yellow to pink disk within the nasel portion of the retina

Optic disc

82)

Tactile corpuscles in the epidermis that relay light touch and superficial pressure

Merkel's disks

83)

Receptors for teh taste nerve fibers located in the papillae

Taste buds

84)

Reaal organ of smell

Olfactory epithelium

85)

Upper and narrow end of the nose

Root

86)

Preparation that treats ear canal infections and prevents "swimmer's ear"

Acetic acid or domeboro's solution

87)

Drugs that treat pain from otitis media and assists with the removal of cerumen

Anesthetics

88)

Treat external ear canal infections

Antibiotics

89)

Help remove impacted cerumen

Cerumeolytics

90)

Such as hydrocortisone treats inflammation of the external ear canal

Corticosteroids

91)

A surgical incision into the tympanic membrane to relieve pain and drain pus or fluid from the middle ear

Myringotomy

92)

Is perfomed to repair a rutured lympanic membrane

Myringoplasty

93)

Removes all or part of the stapes

Stapedectomy

94)

Is the removal of the entire bone, followed by insertion of a graft and prosthesis to bridge the gap between the incus and the inner ear

Total stapedectomy

95)

A surgical procedure where part of teh bone is removed and a prosthesis replaces it

Partial stapedectomy

96)

Easier to perform than traditional stapedectomy and carries a risk of the laser beams penetrating the bone

Laser stapedectomy

97)

Characterized bt inflammation herorrhage, and effusion of fluid into the tissue and the external ear canal and tympanic membrane

Infectious myringitis

98)

Inflammation of the labyrinth of the inner ear, frequently causing severe vertigo

Labyrinthitis

99)

Bacterial infection and inflammation of teh mastoid antrum air cells that is often a complication of chronic or acute otitis media

Mastoiditis

100)

A labyrinthine dysfunction known to cause violent attacks of severe vertigo lasting from 10 minutes to several hours

Meniere's disease (endolymphatic hydrops)

101)

Inflammation of the external ear canal which may be acute or chronic

Otitis externa

102)

Inflammation of the middle ear

Otitis media

103)

Interrupted transmission of sound impules from the external ear to the junction of the stapes and oval window

Conductive loss

104)

Combined conductive and sensorineural dysfuntions

Mixed hearing loss

105)

Slow growth of a spongy bone in teh otic capsule at oval window most progessive cause of hearing loss

Ostosclerosis

106)

Impaired coahlear or acoustic nerve function that prevents transmission of sound impules within the inner ear or brain

Sensorineural loss

107)

Resulting of aging with the loss of hair cells in the organ of corti sensorineural hearing loss

Presbycusis

108)

Elvauation of hearing using an audiometer a device that measures perception of tones at various frequencies

Audiometry

109)

Compares bone conduction to air conduction in both ears

Rinne test

110)

Evaluates bone conduction

Weber's test

111)

Direct visualization of the external auditory canal

Otoscopy

112)

Occurring when sound waves travel through bone to inner ear

Bone conduction

113)

Occurring when sound waves travel in the air through the external and middle ear to the inner ear

Air conduction

114)

Located in the cochlear canal

Corti

115)

Membranous and filled with endolymph fluid

Cochlear canal

116)

Connected to the round window, which also leads to the middle ear both are bony and contain perilymph fluid

Tympanic canal

117)

Connects with the oval window that leads to the middle ear

Vestibular canal

118)

Spiral or shell-shaped

Cochlea

119)

Two tiny spaces at the beginning of the canal

Cochlea and semicircular

120)

The ear middle ear contain three small bones which make up the auditory ossicles

Malleus (hammer) incus (anvil) stapes (stirrup)

121)

The stapes sits in the opening

Oval window (fenestra ovalis)

122)

Middle ear is located in a small, air-filled cavity in the temporal bone

Tympanic cavity

123)

Short passage leading to the ear

Auditory meatus

124)

Picks up sound waves and transmits them to the auditory nerve in the brain

Eardrum

125)

Cartilage-based outer part of the ear

Auricle or pinna

126)

Allows us to maintain out equilibrium or sense of balance

Ear