Religion Test 3: Detail View

1)

When was the Temple Rebuilt

515 B.C.

2)

Characteristics of the Synagogue

1. Not in the Old Testament 2. No sacrifices3. Became a center for education/ discipleship

3)

Sanhedrin

1. Counsel of Statesmen 2. Similar to Greek Polis 3. Combination of City Council, Court of Law/ City Planners

4)

Sadducees

1. Leadership became wealthy 2. Dominated Sanhedrin 3. High Priest (a Sadducee) 4. Accepted the Torah as sacred5. Middlemen between Israel and foreign power

5)

Pharisees

1. Means Separate2. "Hasidim" = Pious Ones3. Accept Prophets and Torah 4. Center of power in Synagogues

6)

Scribes

1. Preservers of Sacred Writings 2. Very Similar to Lawyers 3. Intertwined with the Pharisees

7)

Oral Law/ Traditions

1. Pharisees & Scribes particularly committed to traditions/ oral law 2. Hedge around the law

8)

Zealots

Rebel Movement=Hated Foreigners

9)

Herodians

1. Loyalists 2. Hellenistic Jews (supported Herod)

10)

Samaritans

1. Half Breed Jews 2. Ostracized from the Temple & Jerusalem 3. Not pure Judaism, despised by pious Jews

11)

Jewish contributions to Christianity

1. History2. Basic Concepts a. Monotheism 3. Sacred Texts a. Torah 4. Ethics a. High Standards 5. Earliest Leaders were Jewish

12)

Christianity was a sect of Judaism

Small impact early on One of many sects

13)

Changes to Judaism: Roman Period

1. Temple Destroyed (70 AD)2. Sacrificial System Ended 3. Sadducees and Priests disappeared 4. Center shifted from Palestine

14)

Greco- Roman World: Hellenisim

1. Alexander the Great (344-323 BC)2. Massive Empire 3. Koine Greek becomes common language

15)

Ptolemic Period (320-198 BC)

Septuagint (included at the library at Alexandria)

16)

Seleucid Period (198- 167 BC)

1. Antiochus IV2. First Emperor to tamper with Religion & Hellinized the Jews 3. Irritates the Hasidim 4. Puts an alter in the Holy of Holies- Sacrifices Pigs

17)

Macacabean Revolt (167 BC)

1. Mattathias & Judas Maccabee 2. Guerilla War against the Seleucids 3. Eventually able to retake & cleanse the Temple

18)

Hasmonean Dynasty (142- 163 AD)

1. Leads to the Roman Period 2. Greeks worry about Romans, pull out 3. Guerillas establish the government a. public not happy

19)

Herod the Great

Made King of Palestine Ruthless Ruler- Loved by the Romans

20)

Kingdom at the time after Herod the Great

Kingdom Split up in 4BC upon his death Son Herod Archelaus (insufficient ruler gets taken over in 10 years) Pontius Pilate starts to rise to power Herod Antipas rules Galilee

21)

Roman Period (63BC)

Herod the Great ( 47-3 BC) Herod Antipas (Galilee) Pilate (Judea) 1st Jewish Revolt (66-73 AD) a. Temple Destroyed (70AD)

22)

Pax Romana

Long time of Roman peace a. Travel was easy, Ideas Flowed easily

23)

Common language at the time

Koine Greek

24)

How many books are in the New Testament?

27

25)

What parts is the new testament broken down in too?

Gospels History (Acts) Epistoles Apocalypse (Revelations)

26)

Gospel

Good News

27)

Gospels

Closer to sermons than comprehensive biography, filled with selective biography to support an idea

28)

What are the Synoptic Gospels ?

Matthew Mark Luke

29)

What is the fourth gospel?

John a. Dosnt fit the synoptics (style, context)

30)

Synoptic Problem

Mark a. First written b. Commonalities in Matthew and Luke "M" Source a. Material unique to Matthew "L" Source a. Material unique to Luke "Q" Source a. Material that Matthew and Luke have in common

31)

Gospel Commonalities

1. No author identified by name 2. Each begins in a unique manner 3. Each utilizes John the Baptist a. Introduces Jesus 4. Each depicts Jesus ministry in Galilee & Jerusalem 5. Crucifixion of Jesus 6. Each confirms the resurrection with an empty tomb but ends in a unique manner

32)

Mark

1. No author claim in the text 2. Tradition: John Mark 3. Titles attached in the 2nd century based on tradition 4. Puts down in writing he has heard from Simon Peter

33)

When was Mark written and who was the intended audience?

70 AD & Gentiles

34)

What are the characteristics of Mark?

Two geographical Centers 1. Galilee (1-10) 2. Jerusalem (11-16) Serves as framework for the book

35)

What is the main emphasis of Mark?

A call to action "euthys" or immediately =used 42x Literart technique unique to Mark

36)

What is the Messianic Secret

Jesus tells to keep his "true" identity a secret (Son of God)

37)

What was another major emphasis

Suffering

38)

Where is Jesus Baptized and who preforms the Baptism?

Jordan River, John the Baptist

39)

What happens in Mark right after Jesus is Baptized?

Satan tempts Jesus while in the desert.

40)

Who and where were the first disciples to follow Jesus?

Capernaum, Andrew, Simon Peter, James and John

41)

Who were considered the inner circle?

Simon Peter, James, & John

42)

Where was the first time Jesus had his authority questioned?

While Teaching in the Synagogue

43)

What were some of the miracles Jesus performed?

1. Exorcism (Affirmation of Messianic Secret) 2. Healing 3. Leper Healed

44)

What happened when Jesus was Transfigured?

Moses and Elijah appeared Simon Peter, James, John were there to witness it Fulfillment of the Law (Moses) Fulfillment of Prophets (Elijah)

45)

Who asks to sit at the right and left of Jesus in heaven?

James and John

46)

When is Jesus identity revealed?

At the end of the chapter, "Surely this is the Son of God" -Roman Centurion

47)

What was the major irony in Mark?

Mocked as a King before being crucified

48)

Matthew

No claimed Authorship Tradition: Matthew the apostle Date: 80-85 AD 10 to 15 years after Mark Place: Antioch of Syria

49)

What are the characteristics of Matthew?

1. Jewish Nature; Most extensive use of the Hebrew Bible 2. Jesus- Supreme Teacher and Interpreter 3. Higher Righteousness - Obedience

50)

___________ % of the material in Mark is in Matthew?

90%

51)

Matthew has a detailed birth narrative starting where?

Abraham (Genealogy)

52)

In the beginning of Matthew the spotlight is on who?

Joseph, depicted as righteous man

53)

How does Jesus respond every time to being tempted?

With Scripture

54)

What are the five teaching sections in Matthew

!. Sermon on the Mont 2. Instruction to sending out the Disciples 3. A collection of Parables 4. Instructions for Church a. only gospel to refer to church 5. Future Judgement

55)

What is one of the most famous part soy the Sermon on the Mont?

Beatitudes

56)

What are some details that are only talked about in Matthew and not Mark?

Expanded TeachingsDetails on Judas price for Jesus (30 pieces of Silver)

57)

What are some similarities between Mark and Matthew?

1. Triumphal Entry 2. Cleansing of the Temple 3. Teachings 4. Plot to Arrest 5. Last Supper 6. Mont of Olives