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AP Biology - Molecules

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Deck Created: September 09, 2009
Last Updated: October 03, 2009  by: DemiDec
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Created by: DemiDec Dan
Joined: 10/14/2008
Flashcards Created: 13612
Flashcard Set Questions
1. tRNA
Molecule that attaches to an mRNA codon and starts the process of translation.
2. Virus
Particle which enters another cell (or host) and inserts its genetic material into the host’s.
3. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Molecule which carries energy that is used to fuel cellular processes.
4. Double helix
The twisted structure of DNA, which allows the molecule to replicate itself quickly and efficiently.
5. DNA polymerase
Enzyme which replicates single strands of DNA molecules.
6. Hydrophilic
Molecules attracted to, or having an affinity for, water.
7. Ionic bond
Bond formed when the furthest electrons of an atom are transferred to another atom.
8. Protein
Compound made up of amino acids and crucial for biological processes.
9. Thermodynamics
Describes how temperature, energy, heat, and work function in a physical system.
10. HIV
Virus which damages a body’s defenses against infection and disease.
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tRNA Molecule that attaches to an mRNA codon and starts the process of translation. Crick, of Watson and Crick fame, predicted the existence of this molecule long before its discovery. His “Adaptor Hypothesis” proposed that there are twenty different adaptor molecules (one for each amino acid). The Nobel Prize winner Robert Holley recognized its characteristic cloverleaf structure, but, even with its four arms, this molecule cannot juggle.
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